UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS

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2024-11-22 2:37
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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2015 Meeting


Section: Physics and Technology of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources


Title:
Energy resulted from biomass


Authors:
Gabriela VARGA(1), Ioan STAMATIN(1,2)


Affiliation:
1)University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Atomistilor 405, P.O 38, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, 077125


2)University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 3Nano-SAE Research Center, Atomistilor 405, P.O 38, Bucharest-Magurele, Romania, 077125




E-mail
istarom@3nanosae.org


Keywords:
Biofuel, microalgae farm, fossil fuel, renewable energy


Abstract:
The exploitation of oil, coal and natural gas, as a source of energy, continues to increase the greenhouse effect and the pollution of the atmosphere. That’s why the specialists from the international scientific community were looking for alternative energy sources, their attention moving to biomass. The biomass represents all forms of vegetable or animal substance which is biodegradable. The energy of the biofuel derives from the linking process of carbon, and they can be mixed with fossil fuels or their substitutes. According to their source, biofuels are divided in 3 categories. The first one derives from sugar cane and sugar beet, rape, corn, vegetable fats. Those in the second category originate from straw, agricultural waste, wood splinters, while the third category comes from algae and other microorganisms. The energy obtained from biomass doesn’t contribute to the increase of the carbon dioxide or determine acid rains, but it is renewable and decreases the greenhouse effect. The algae represent a promising source of biofuels, because from them people can get ethanol, biodiesel and fuel for aircrafts. Microalgae cultivation doesn’t require the use of herbicides or pesticides; their water consumption is much lower than other crop plants’ and they have a faster growth rate. However, this kind of technology involves higher costs compared to those of traditional farming. A great danger, that can occur, is that they can disperse in ecosystems where they haven’t been before. The cost of one barrel of algae oil is between 49 and 60 dollars, and that of an oil barrel is between 120 and 140 dollars.