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UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS Guest
2024-11-23 18:02 |
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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2022 Meeting
Section: Physics and Technology of Renewable and Alternative Energy Sources
Title:
Passive building optimization methodology considering energy demand, thermal comfort and cost
Authors:
Claudia BURLACU(1), Sanda VOINEA(1,2)
Affiliation:
1) University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Bucharest-Măgurele, 405 Atomistilor str., Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
2) University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, 3Nano-SAE Research Centre, 405 Atomistilor str., PO Box MG-38, Bucharest-Măgurele, Romania
E-mail
claudia_burlacu2006@yahoo.com
Keywords:
concrete hemp, thermal efficiency, eco house, renewable energy
Abstract:
In the context of a global economy affected by the global energy crisis, the energy efficiency of buildings no longer necessarily means new materials or technologies, but a careful and lengthy research to make energy consumption and efficiency of existing building materials as we proposed in this paper. It is known that 10% of the carbon emissions caused by human activity are due to buildings, so a greater concern for the efficiency of the construction sector is legitimate and relevant. This paper aims to combine an innovative idea in the field of construction and rigorous calculation from the perspective of thermal efficiency of the design of a building. Another important aspect considered for the construction of this house is the use of ecological materials that have a very small impact on the environment. The house to be studied is built in accordance with the standards in force regarding the construction of buildings, although it includes a great proportion of ecological materials. In this sense, it was decided to use clay in plaster, a cheap, ecological material that can be found everywhere, but which also has a reasonable thermal coefficient, which recommends it as an optimal material for our project.
Another material we propose for the construction of the ecological house is hemp. All hemp products are natural, environmentally friendly, biodegradable and carbon-positive (meaning they absorb more carbon dioxide than they emit). Whole houses can be built only from materials derived from hemp.
Hemp materials have excellent thermal insulation properties compared to standard materials, which means low energy bill costs.
Hempcrete (concrete hemp) is a mixture of chopped hemp (waste) and lime (which may include natural hydraulic lime, sand, pozzolans or cement), used as a building and insulation material. With Hempcrete it is easier to work with than many other types of traditional mortars and acts as an insulator and moisture regulator. It does not have the fragility of concrete and therefore does not need expansion joints. Like other plant products, the hemp crop absorbs carbon dioxide while growing, retains carbon dioxide and releases oxygen. Theoretically, one cube meter wall made of Hempcrete can absorb and retain 165 kg of CO2. When hemp is mixed with lime, the two react and begin a long process of mineralization. Thus, over time the wall becomes stronger, stronger and reaches the hardness of limestone.
From the calculations presented in the paper it is clear that in similar conditions, respectively the same plaster, the floor of doors and windows, the house built using ecological materials such as hemp can be twice as efficient compared to the brick one. In the case of the eco house, in terms of costs, they can be up to 58% lower than the similar brick and concrete house.
In order to obtain the energy independence of the house studied in the paper, we designed an installation of photovoltaic panels for power supply and a kit of solar thermal panels for hot water.
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