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UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS Guest
2025-03-11 6:57 |
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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2023 Meeting
Section: Atmosphere and Earth Science; Environment Protection
Title:
A leap towards cultural heritage secrets
Authors:
Dumitru V. Dragut, Lucian C.Ratoiu
Affiliation:
National Institute of Research and Development for Optoelectronics INOE 2000
E-mail
valentin.dragut@inoe.ro
Keywords:
GPR, built cultural heritage, non-destructive investigations
Abstract:
This research provides an up to date overview upon the advantages and characteristics of Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) in the documentation, survey, detection and research of cultural heritage sites and goods, presenting case studies and original developments. The paper highlights the most recent and valuable contributions in the field, performing a consistent assessment over the existing literature.
Based on the study of electromagnetic waves propagation with wavelengths ranging within the radio spectrum, GPR is able to provide assessment of the structural integrity, to investigate materials compaction and nature, and to find the accurate location of buried features and structures. In terms of deliverables, GPR offers a reflection image generated by the interaction of radio waves with subsurface features (reflection, refraction), with frequencies ranging from 10 MHz up to 4 GHz, that represents a map in amplitude of what lies beyond our sight.
The paper presents the recent works conducted within the frame of heritage preservation worldwide, showing the growing need for research and development of this geophysical method. The challenges raised by the understanding and unveiling of specific features from architectural monuments, archaeological sites, artworks and other types of tangible cultural heritage, are reflected in the intelligent strategies for data extraction. By non-invasive means GPR is able to provide valuable information from a variety of casuistry, such as: revealing the state of conservation for mural paintings by mapping the distribution of cracks [1], highlighting the structural features regarding the component materials; locating with high accuracy buried tombs residing beneath ancient monasteries[2]; pointing out the level and dampness distribution in archaeological sites and buildings trough evaluation of materials dielectric properties[3] etc. Based on its response, GPR data can be visualized in 3D by taking into consideration the reflections amplitudes, this feature allowing a better understanding of what lies underneath the surface.
References:
1. High frequency GPR in the diagnosis of the state of alteration of a mural by Diego Rivera previous restoration, J. Ortega-Ramírez, M. Bano, L.A. Villa Alvarado, Journal of Cultural Heritage 55 pg.228–236, 2022, doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2022.03.015
2. GPR technique as a tool for cultural heritage restoration: San Miguel de los Reyes Hieronymite Monastery, 16th century (Valencia, Spain), Francisco G. Garcia, Manuel R. Blanco, Isabel R. Abad, Rosa M.Sala, Isabel T. Ausina, Javier B.Marco, Jose L. M. Conesa, Journal of Cultural Heritage 8 pg. 87-92, 2007, 10.1016/j.culher.2006.10.005
3. Carlotta Ferrara, Pier Matteo Barone. Detecting Moisture Damage in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage: a Brief Introduction. International Journal of Archaeology. Vol. 3, No. 1-1, 2015, pp. 57-61. doi: 10.11648/j.ija.s.2015030101.17
Acknowledgement:
This research was funded by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitalization, under Program 1 - Development of the National Research-Development System, Subprogram 1.2 - Institutional performance - Projects to finance the excellence in RDI, SUPECONEX grant nr. 18PFE/30.12.2021 and under PNCDI 2022-2027 - Core Programme 11N/03.01.2023, project nr. PN 23 05
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