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UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS Guest
2024-11-22 2:09 |
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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2024 Meeting
Section: Biophysics; Medical Physics
Title:
Teaching Biophysics III. Biophysical Approach of Biomolecular Motors
Authors:
Aurel I. POPESCU and Claudia G. CHILOM
Affiliation:
University of Bucharest, Faculty of Physics, Department of Electricity, Solid-State Physics and Biophysics, 405 Atomistilor Street, PO Box MG-11, Bucharest-Magurele, 077125, Romania,
E-mail
prof.aurel.popescu@gmail.com
Keywords:
Linear motors, rotary motors, proton pump, purple membrane, ATP-synthase, vesicular transport, filaments, tubules, actomyosin complex, dynein, kinesin
Abstract:
This work describes, in an accessible manner, the structures and functions of biomolecular motors. These are complex supra macromolecular structures which convert directly chemical energy into mechanical one and vice versa, accomplishing important cellular functions: chromosome migration during mitosis phase of cell cycles, DNA semiconservative duplication, vesicle transportation along filaments and tubules, DNA synthesis etc. They can be classified as linear (e.g., actomyosin complex into sarcomeres, DNA helicase and polymerase) and rotary motors (e.g., ATP synthase, procaryotic flagella), eucaryotic undulating flagella, and beating cilia (e.g., in eucaryotic cells). These nanomolecular motors are fuelled by ATP hydrolysis, although ATP synthase is driven by energy of a proton gradient performed by oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria or by light in the case of chloroplast thylakoids and purple membrane of bacterium Halobacterium salinarum
References:
Popescu A. I., Chilom C. G., Teaching biophysics. II. Biophysical approach oftransport through cellular membranes,
Romanian Report in Physics, 76, 602, 2024
Popescu A. I., Tratat de Bionică (Perspectivă generală cu explicații biofizice),Editura Universității din București, 2022
Popescu A. I., Biophysics. Current Status and Future Trends, Publishing House of the Romanian Academy, 2016
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