UNIVERSITY OF BUCHAREST
FACULTY OF PHYSICS

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Conference: Bucharest University Faculty of Physics 2024 Meeting


Section: Nuclear and Elementary Particles Physics


Title:
An optimal method of selecting candidate radio detectors with high predicted signal-to-noise ratio for extensive air shower simulations


Authors:
Tudor-Alexandru Calafeteanu (1,2), Paula-Gina Isar (1), Emil-Ioan Slusanschi (2)


Affiliation:
(1) Institute of Space Science (ISS)- Subsidiary of INFLPR, Bucharest - Magurele, Romania

(2) National University of Science and Technology Politehnica Bucharest, Romania


E-mail
gina.isar@spacescience.ro


Keywords:
cosmic rays, air showers, radio detection, Monte Carlo simulations


Abstract:
Over the last 20 years, several experiments have been measuring radio signals from cosmic rays induced air showers with different detector layouts, ranging from about 100 m^2, with the first deployed 10 radio antennas at the LOPES (LOFAR Prototype Station) experiment in Germany, to about 17 km^2, with 153 stations, at the AERA (Auger Engineering Radio Array) experiment in Argentina. The radio emission from cosmic rays air showers is being understood very well so far, allowing to disentangle between the two main radio emission mechanisms, the geomagnetic and the Askaryan effects. High radio measurement statistics in comparison with detailed Monte Carlo simulations (e.g. the CORSIKA code with the CoREAS option) have played a key role to complementary estimate the main cosmic ray observables, up to high zenith angles of about 84 degrees. Although unique results have obtained so far in the field of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays (UHECRs), still more are to be unraveled, such as the extra-galactic point sources, for which mass-sensitive measurements are currently aimed in increased statistics. Within the upgrade of the Pierre Auger experiment (AugerPrime), the radio signals of extensive air showers are going to be recorded over the entire array of 3000 km^2, equipped with radio detectors (RD) on top of each 1660 surface detectors (SD). We present a simulation study in support to the AugerPrime RD, aimed to select candidate detectors with good registered signal-to-noise ratio, as input for faster and further extensive air shower simulations and data analysis.


References:

1. H. Falcke et al., the LOPES Collaboration, “Detection and imaging of atmospheric radio flashes from cosmic ray air showers”, Nature 435 (2005) 313-316.

2. A. Abdul Halim et al. the Pierre Auger Collaboration, “Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory”, Phys. Rev. Lett. 132 (2024) 021001.

3. A. Abdul Halim et al., the Pierre Auger Collaboration, “Radio measurements of the depth of air-shower maximum at the Pierre Auger Observatory”, Phys. Rev. D 109 (2024) 022002

4. D. Heck, J. Knapp, J.N. Capdevielle, G. Schatz, T. Thouw, "CORSIKA: A Monte Carlo Code to Simulate Extensive Air Showers", FZKA Report 6019, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, 1998.

5. T. Huege, M. Ludwig, C. W. James, "Simulating radio emission from air showers with CoREAS", AIP Conf. Proc., 1535 (2013) 128–131.

6. A. Aab et al., the Pierre Auger Collaboration, “Observation of inclined EeV air showers with the radio detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory”, JCAP10 (2018) 026.

7. A. Aab et al., the Pierre Auger Collaboration, “The Pierre Auger Observatory and its Upgrade”, Science Reviews - from the end of the world (Argentina) Vol. 1 (2020) 8-33.

Acknowledgement:
This work was supported by the Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation and Digitization, CNCS - UEFISCDI, project number PN-III-P1-1.1-TE-2021-0924/TE57/2022, within PNCDI III, and the Romanian National Core Program LAPLAS VII - contract no. 30N/2023.